Table 4.7 Individual and Joint Contributions of Risk Factors to Mortality and Burden of Disease from Major Diseases of Children,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
, ,,World ,,,,,,,,,,, 
Diseasea ,Deaths ,"Proportion of global disease burden (%) [total: 1.54 billion DALYs(3,0)] ",PAFs for individual risk factors for mortality (first number) and disease burden (second number) ,Joint PAF – mortality (%) ,Joint PAF – disease burden (%) , ,,,,,,,, 
Measles ,"      556,384",  1.1,"Childhood underweight (44%; 44%), vitamin A deficiency (20%; 20%) ",55,55, ,,,,,,,, 
Diarrheal diseases ,"  1,598,754",  3.5,"Childhood underweight (61%; 55%), vitamin A deficiency (24%; 22%), zinc deficiency (13%; 12%), unsafe water, sanitation, and hygiene (88%; 88%) ",94,93, ,,,,,,,, 
Lower respiratory infections ,"  1,914,189",  4.0,"Childhood underweight (54%; 52%), zinc deficiency (21%; 21%), indoor air pollution (49%; 48%) ",72,70, ,,,,,,,,
Malaria,"  1,086,298",  2.3,"Childhood underweight (55%; 51%), vitamin A deficiency (19%; 19%), zinc deficiency (22%; 22%) ",68,65, ,,,,,,,,
Conditions arising during the perinatal period ,"  2,520,986",  5.9,Iron-deficiency anemia (16%; 14%),16,14,,,,,,,,,
All other childhood diseases ,"  2,921,834",11.2,Partially attributable to childhood underweight and vitamin A deficiency (see annex 4A for details). ,Not estimated ,Not estimated , ,,,,,,,, 
All causes ,"10,598,444",28.0,"Childhood underweight (27%; 20%), vitamin A deficiency (7%; 5%), zinc deficiency (8%; 6%), unsafe water, sanitation, and hygiene (13%; 11%), indoor air pollution (9%; 7%), iron-deficiency anemia (4%; 3%) ",49,40, ,,,,,,,, 
, ,,Low- and middle-income countries,,,,,,,,,,,
Diseasea ,Deaths ,"Proportion of regional disease burden (%) [total: 1.39 billion DALYs(3,0)] ",PAFs for individual risk factors for mortality (first number) and disease burden (second number) ,Joint PAF – mortality (%) ,Joint PAF – disease burden (%) ,,,,,,,,,
Measles ,"     556,312",  1.2,"Childhood underweight (44%; 44%), vitamin A deficiency (20%; 20%) ",55,55, ,,,,,,,, 
Diarrheal diseases ,"  1,598,336",  3.8,"Childhood underweight (61%; 56%), vitamin A deficiency (24%; 22%), zinc deficiency (13%; 12%), unsafe water, sanitation, and hygiene (88%; 88%) ",94,93, ,,,,,,,,
Lower respiratory infections,"  1,912,599",  4.4,"Childhood underweight (54%; 52%), zinc deficiency (21%; 21%), indoor air pollution (49%; 48%)",72,70,,,,,,,,,
Malaria,"   1,086,237",  2.6,"Childhood underweight (55%; 51%), vitamin A deficiency (19%; 19%), zinc deficiency (22%; 22%) ",68,65, ,,,,,,,,
Conditions arising during the perinatal period ,"   2,488,718",  6.4,Iron-deficiency anemia (16%; 14%) ,16,14, ,,,,,,,, 
All other childhood diseases ,"  2,883,496",12.0,Partially attributable to childhood underweight and vitamin A deficiency (see annex 4A for details).,Not estimated ,Not estimated , ,,,,,,,,
All causes ,"10,525,699",30.5,"Childhood underweight (27%; 21%), vitamin A deficiency (7%; 5%), zinc deficiency (8%; 7%), unsafe water, sanitation, and hygiene (13%; 11%), indoor air pollution (9%; 7%), iron-deficiency anemia (4%; 3%)",49,41, ,,,,,,,, 
, ,,High-income countries,,,,,,,,,,,
Diseasea ,Deaths ,"Proportion of regional disease burden (%) [total: 149.2 million DALYs(3,0)] ",PAFs for individual risk factors for mortality (first number) and disease burden (second number) ,Joint PAF – mortality (%) ,Joint PAF – disease burden (%) ,,,,,,,,,
Measles ,     73,0.0,"Childhood underweight (0%; 0%), vitamin A deficiency (1%; 0%) ",  1,  0, ,,,,,,,, 
Diarrheal diseases ,  418,0.2,"Childhood underweight (0%; 0%), vitamin A deficiency (1%; 0%), zinc deficiency (1%; 1%), unsafe water, sanitation, and hygiene (65%; 65%) ",66,66, ,,,,,,,,
Lower respiratory infections ,"1,590",0.0,"Childhood underweight (0%; 0%), zinc deficiency (3%; 3%), indoor air pollution (0%; 0%) ",  1,  1, ,,,,,,,,
Malaria ,      61,0.0,"Childhood underweight (0%; 0%), vitamin A deficiency (1%; 1%), zinc deficiency (3%; 3%) ",  2,  2, ,,,,,,,, 
Conditions arising during the perinatal period ,"32,268",0.9,Iron-deficiency anemia (3%; 2%) ,  3,  2, ,,,,,,,, 
All other childhood diseases ,"38,337",3.4,Partially attributable to childhood underweight and vitamin A deficiency (see annex 4A for details). ,Not estimated ,Not estimated , ,,,,,,,,
All causes ,"72,746",4.6,"Childhood underweight (0%; 0%), vitamin A deficiency (0%; 0%), zinc deficiency (0%; 0%), unsafe water, sanitation, and hygiene (0%; 2%), indoor air pollution (0%; 0%), iron-deficiency anemia (1%; 0%) ",  2,  4, ,,,,,,,, 
Source: Authors’ calculations. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Note: Risk factors are those listed in table 4.1. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"a. By definition, the diseases protein-energy malnutrition (ICD-9 three-digit codes 260–263), iron-deficiency anemia (ICD-9 three-digit codes 280–285), and vitamin A deficiency (ICD-9 three-digit code 264) are 100 percent attributable to their corresponding namesake risk factors. Thus, the PAFs for these diseases are not shown. PAFs, attributable mortality, and attributable disease burden are reported in annex 4A.",,,,,,,,,,,,,, 
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