"Table 2.4 Mortality in Children Under Five by Cause, 1990 and 2001 ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,Low- and middle-income countries,,East Asia and Pacific,,Europe and Central Asia,,Latin America and the Caribbean,,Middle East and North Africa,,South Asia ,,Sub-Saharan Africa,,High-income countries,,World ,
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Disease and indicator ,1990,2001,1990,2001,1990,2001,1990,2001,1990,2001,1990,2001,1990,2001,1990,2001,1990,2001
Acute respiratory infections , ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Deaths (thousands) ,"2,521","1,943",492,197,68,36,83,44,138,76,"1,027",833,713,757,13,2,"2,533","1,944"
% of childhood deaths ,21.0,18.4,23.8,14.0,19.5,20.6,14.1,10.9,20.6,17.7,23.2,23.1,18.3,16.8,11.1,2.3,20.9,18.3
"Probability of dying before age 5 per 1,000 live births",20,16,13,6,8,6,7,4,16,9,29,22,33,29,1,0,19,15
Congenital anomalies , ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Deaths (thousands) ,421,421,118,115,25,24,30,41,22,41,186,142,41,58,19,18,440,439
% of childhood deaths ,3.5,4.0,5.7,8.2,7.1,13.5,5.1,10.1,3.3,9.5,4.2,3.9,1.0,1.3,16.3,24.6,3.6,4.1
"Probability of dying before age 5 per 1,000 live births",3,3,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,5,5,4,2,2,2,2,3,3
Diarrheal diseases , ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Deaths (thousands) ,"2,362","1,599",274,201,61,12,108,46,144,66,991,631,784,643,11,0,"2,374","1,600"
% of childhood deaths ,19.7,15.2,13.2,14.3,17.4,6.9,18.3,11.4,21.6,15.3,22.4,17.5,20.1,14.3,9.9,0.6,19.6,15.1
"Probability of dying before age 5 per 1,000 live births",19,13,7,6,7,2,9,4,17,8,28,17,36,25,1,0,17,12
HIV/AIDS , ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Deaths (thousands) ,62,340,— ,5,— ,0,2,6,0,1,— ,14,60,313,0,0,62,340
% of childhood deaths ,0.5,3.2,0.0,0.4,0.0,0.2,0.3,1.4,0.0,0.1,0.0,0.4,1.5,7.0,0.0,0.1,0.5,3.2
"Probability of dying before age 5 per 1,000 live births",0,3,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,3,12,0,0,0,3
Injuries , ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Deaths (thousands) ,647,302,206,82,25,11,28,19,32,24,188,79,169,87,9,7,656,309
% of childhood deaths ,5.4,2.9,9.9,5.8,7.0,6.6,4.7,4.6,4.8,5.6,4.2,2.2,4.3,1.9,7.8,9.8,5.4,2.9
"Probability of dying before age 5 per 1,000 live births",5,2,5,2,3,2,2,2,4,3,5,2,8,3,1,1,5,2
Malaria , ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Deaths (thousands) ,588,"1,086",7,27,0,0,2,1,1,17,9,57,570,984,0,0,588,"1,086"
% of childhood deaths ,4.9,10.3,0.3,1.9,0.1,0.0,0.3,0.3,0.1,3.9,0.2,1.6,14.6,21.8,0.2,0.1,4.8,10.2
"Probability of dying before age 5 per 1,000 live births",5,9,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,2,26,38,0,0,4,8
Measles , ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Deaths (thousands) ,869,556,75,45,12,5,38,— ,30,10,239,145,474,351,3,0,872,556
% of childhood deaths ,7.2,5.3,3.6,3.2,3.5,2.9,6.5,0.0,4.5,2.3,5.4,4.0,12.2,7.8,2.5,0.1,7.2,5.2
"Probability of dying before age 5 per 1,000 live births",7,5,2,1,1,1,3,0,4,1,7,4,22,13,0,0,6,4
Perinatal conditions , ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Deaths (thousands) ,"2,261","2,492",480,506,83,57,162,164,141,106,906,"1,086",487,573,38,32,"2,298","2,524"
% of childhood deaths ,18.8,23.7,23.2,36.0,23.6,32.9,27.6,40.3,21.2,24.7,20.4,30.1,12.5,12.7,33.0,44.5,18.9,23.8
"Probability of dying before age 5 per 1,000 live births",18,20,12,15,10,10,14,14,17,13,26,29,22,22,3,3,17,19
Other causes , ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Deaths (thousands) ,"2,288","1,792",420,228,77,28,137,85,159,90,888,625,607,737,22,13,"2,309","1,805"
% of childhood deaths ,19.0,17.0,20.3,16.2,21.9,16.3,23.2,21.0,23.8,20.9,20.0,17.3,15.5,16.4,19.1,17.9,19.0,17.0
"Probability of dying before age 5 per 1,000 live births",18,15,11,7,9,5,12,7,19,11,25,17,28,28,2,1,17,14
Total , ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Deaths (thousands) ,"12,019","10,532","2,072","1,407",352,174,588,407,668,429,"4,434","3,612","3,904","4,504",115,73,"12,134","10,605"
% of childhood deaths ,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0
"Probability of dying before age 5 per 1,000 live births",97,86,54,43,41,29,51,35,80,53,127,97,180,172,10,7,89,80
"Sources: Estimates for 1990 are based on Murray and Lopez 1996, weighted to World Bank regions using population under five years old. Estimates for 2001 are from chapter 3 in this volume. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Note: — = not available or not applicable. Estimates of child mortality are rounded to the nearest whole number. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,