" Annex 2A Key Demographic Indicators, by Country/Territory, 1990 and 2001",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,1990,,,,,,,2001,,,,,,," Annual change in probability of dying under age 5,  1990–2001 (%)",
,,Population (thousands), Life expectancy at birth (years),,"Probability of dying per 1,000",,,,Population (thousands), Life expectancy at birth (years),,"Probability of dying per 1,000",,,,,
,,,,,Under age 5,,Ages 15–59,,,,,Under age 5,,Ages 15–59,,,
Country/Territory,World Bank region            ,,Males,Females,Males,Females,Males,Females,,Males,Females,Males,Females,Males,Females,Males,Females
Afghanistan,South Asia,"13,799",43.8,47.8,267,253,421,295,"22,083",41.4,43.3,257,255,510,419,-0.3,0.1
Albania,Europe and Central Asia,"3,289",64.1,71.2,52,38,253,140,"3,122",67.0,73.4,28,23,171,97,-5.6,-4.4
Algeria,Middle East and North Africa,"25,017",65.4,67.8,70,68,188,153,"30,746",67.4,71.0,55,44,172,129,-2.3,-3.9
American Samoa,East Asia and Pacific,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,59,59.9,36.4,86,79,295,229,— ,— 
Andorra,High-income countries,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,68,76.6,83.7,5,4,113,45,— ,— 
Angola,Sub-Saharan Africa,"9,340",42.7,49.0,280,239,427,288,"12,768",37.5,42.3,277,246,605,475,-0.1,0.2
Anguilla,Not included,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,11,68.0,72.8,34,27,216,116,— ,— 
Antigua and Barbuda,Latin America and the Caribbean,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,72,68.9,73.7,22,18,197,128,— ,— 
Argentina,Latin America and the Caribbean,"32,527",68.9,75.8,32,26,196,103,"37,529",70.9,78.5,20,17,177,91,-4.2,-4.0
Armenia,Europe and Central Asia,"3,545",61.9,69.0,68,52,276,158,"3,088",67.0,72.9,38,34,208,99,-5.3,-3.8
Aruba,High-income countries,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,92,66.9,72.8,36,28,230,116,— ,— 
Australia,High-income countries,"16,888",74.1,80.4,10,8,124,66,"19,352",77.6,83.0,7,5,94,54,-4.2,-4.1
Austria,High-income countries,"7,729",72.4,79.0,10,9,153,74,"8,106",76.1,82.2,6,5,121,61,-5.1,-5.6
Azerbaijan,Europe and Central Asia,"7,192",56.4,63.6,119,93,327,199,"8,226",62.5,68.2,77,68,247,129,-3.9,-2.8
"Bahamas, The",High-income countries,255,66.6,74.2,35,23,224,115,307,68.8,75.2,14,11,249,152,-8.5,-6.4
Bahrain,High-income countries,490,71.7,73.6,25,26,124,104,693,72.4,74.3,14,10,112,82,-5.6,-8.6
Bangladesh,South Asia,"109,403",53.8,58.1,145,143,348,236,"140,880",62.3,62.2,76,78,251,258,-5.9,-5.5
Barbados,Latin America and the Caribbean,257,69.2,76.4,21,14,193,96,268,70.5,77.7,18,17,187,103,-1.6,1.7
Belarus,Europe and Central Asia,"10,266",66.2,75.8,17,12,282,107,"9,986",63.0,74.5,14,11,361,129,-1.5,-1.0
Belgium,High-income countries,"9,967",72.7,79.5,11,8,139,75,"10,273",74.9,81.4,6,5,128,67,-5.2,-4.5
Belize,Latin America and the Caribbean,186,64.4,69.5,50,48,250,154,245,67.2,72.2,45,34,191,124,-0.9,-3.2
Benin,Sub-Saharan Africa,"4,650",49.0,55.5,201,168,385,251,"6,387",50.4,52.8,165,157,415,351,-1.8,-0.6
Bermuda,High-income countries,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,80,68.0,72.8,34,27,216,116,— ,— 
Bhutan,South Asia,"1,696",53.8,59.5,145,129,349,227,"2,125",60.0,62.1,95,94,275,228,-3.8,-2.9
Bolivia,Latin America and the Caribbean,"6,669",55.3,61.1,129,114,336,216,"8,481",61.6,64.4,80,75,261,211,-4.4,-3.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina,Europe and Central Asia,"4,308",68.3,75.3,26,18,204,105,"4,067",69.1,76.3,21,16,193,91,-2.0,-1.3
Botswana,Sub-Saharan Africa,"1,354",62.4,69.0,64,52,271,158,"1,750",41.5,42.2,99,97,762,718,4.0,5.7
Brazil,Latin America and the Caribbean,"148,809",61.9,69.0,68,51,276,158,"174,029",65.5,72.1,44,36,247,135,-4.0,-3.3
British Virgin Islands,Not included,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,20,68.0,72.8,34,27,215,116,— ,— 
Brunei Darussalam,High-income countries,257,70.0,77.7,18,11,182,85,342,74.7,77.4,15,13,115,87,-1.9,1.6
Bulgaria,Europe and Central Asia,"8,718",68.2,74.9,20,15,216,97,"8,033",68.6,75.2,18,15,221,97,-1.2,-0.1
Burkina Faso,Sub-Saharan Africa,"8,921",47.1,52.9,224,196,398,267,"12,259",40.6,42.7,232,217,596,520,0.3,0.9
Burundi,Sub-Saharan Africa,"5,609",49.2,55.4,198,169,384,252,"6,412",39.0,42.7,192,180,680,565,-0.3,0.5
Cambodia,East Asia and Pacific,"9,744",55.7,62.4,126,103,334,207,"13,478",52.3,57.5,147,123,392,290,1.4,1.6
Cameroon,Sub-Saharan Africa,"11,661",54.1,60.2,142,123,346,222,"15,429",48.0,50.0,160,155,498,434,1.1,2.1
Canada ,High-income countries ,"27,701",74.0,80.7,9,7,132,71,"31,025",77.0,82.5,6,5,98,59,-3.5,-3.4
Cape Verde ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,349,61.6,69.4,71,49,279,155,445,66.4,72.7,44,32,209,121,-4.3,-4.0
Cayman Islands ,High-income countries ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,38,68.0,72.8,34,27,216,116,— ,— 
Central African Republic ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"2,943",49.0,56.5,200,159,385,246,"3,770",42.6,44.1,187,173,607,556,-0.6,0.8
Chad ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"5,822",47.5,53.7,218,187,395,262,"8,103",45.7,49.2,203,181,485,401,-0.7,-0.3
Channel Islands ,High-income countries ,142,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,145,75.5,81.6,6,5,120,60,— ,— 
Chile ,Latin America and the Caribbean,"13,100",69.8,76.6,21,17,191,97,"15,419",73.1,79.9,17,14,137,68,-1.9,-2.0
China ,East Asia and Pacific ,"1,161,382",66.9,69.6,38,46,190,145,"1,292,586",69.5,72.6,32,42,166,104,-1.7,-0.7
Colombia ,Latin America and the Caribbean,"34,970",65.8,72.4,40,31,234,130,"42,826",67.5,76.3,27,19,235,102,-3.7,-4.4
Comoros ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,527,55.0,61.9,132,107,339,210,726,60.9,64.5,84,75,273,210,-4.2,-3.3
"Congo, Democratic Republic of ",Sub-Saharan Africa ,"37,370",47.4,53.6,221,189,397,263,"49,785",41.1,46.1,222,198,583,449,0.0,0.4
"Congo, Republic of ",Sub-Saharan Africa ,"2,494",55.9,63.2,123,96,331,202,"3,542",52.2,54.5,109,101,460,409,-1.1,0.5
Cook Islands ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,18,68.9,74.1,23,19,176,112,— ,— 
Costa Rica ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"3,076",73.0,77.7,19,15,129,79,"4,013",74.4,79.3,12,10,128,75,-3.6,-3.6
Cτte d’Ivoire ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"12,505",51.7,58.0,169,144,365,237,"16,098",43.5,48.1,192,143,567,498,1.2,-0.1
Croatia ,Europe and Central Asia ,"4,842",68.6,76.3,14,10,223,89,"4,445",70.9,78.5,9,8,180,73,-4.3,-2.7
Cuba ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"10,628",72.8,76.7,15,11,155,111,"11,238",75.2,80.0,9,7,139,90,-4.4,-4.3
Cyprus ,High-income countries ,681,71.7,77.3,12,12,161,88,789,75.0,78.8,8,8,105,53,-3.8,-3.8
Czech Republic ,Europe and Central Asia ,"10,306",68.0,75.5,14,10,220,95,"10,257",72.1,79.0,5,4,168,74,-8.7,-8.0
Denmark ,High-income countries ,"5,140",72.1,77.9,10,8,152,99,"5,338",74.7,79.6,6,5,124,77,-4.5,-3.5
Djibouti ,Middle East and North Africa ,528,46.4,49.8,188,161,487,417,681,49.5,51.9,157,144,455,400,-1.7,-1.0
Dominica ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,78,71.1,75.7,13,14,204,121,— ,— 
Dominican Republic ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"7,058",61.2,68.5,74,55,283,162,"8,485",64.8,71.4,38,32,256,151,-6.0,-5.0
Ecuador ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"10,264",62.5,69.2,63,50,270,156,"12,616",67.5,73.1,36,32,219,135,-5.2,-4.2
"Egypt, Arab Republic of",Middle East and North Africa ,"55,768",57.8,62.4,109,99,307,215,"69,124",65.0,68.7,42,42,240,158,-8.7,-7.8
El Salvador ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"5,110",62.2,68.7,66,54,273,160,"6,313",66.2,72.6,37,34,265,145,-5.2,-4.0
Equatorial Guinea ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,354,47.3,53.5,222,190,397,263,468,51.8,54.7,160,147,382,317,-3.0,-2.4
Eritrea ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"3,103",52.9,58.6,156,138,356,232,"3,847",42.9,57.3,118,103,659,334,-2.5,-2.7
Estonia ,Europe and Central Asia ,"1,584",64.8,74.9,18,14,298,107,"1,353",65.1,76.7,12,8,319,116,-4.3,-5.5
Ethiopia ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"48,856",47.5,53.6,219,189,395,263,"67,266",46.2,49.5,186,169,500,417,-1.5,-1.0
Faeroe Islands ,High-income countries ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,46,75.5,81.6,6,5,120,60,— ,— 
Falkland Islands ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,3,68.0,72.7,34,27,216,117,— ,— 
Fiji ,East Asia and Pacific ,724,67.2,72.6,32,30,217,128,822,64.4,70.2,30,27,287,180,-0.6,-1.2
Finland ,High-income countries ,"4,986",70.9,78.9,7,7,183,70,"5,188",74.5,81.5,5,3,139,61,-3.6,-6.3
France ,High-income countries ,"56,735",73.3,81.7,10,8,162,67,"59,564",75.7,83.7,6,5,136,60,-5.0,-4.5
French Guiana ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,169,68.1,72.8,33,27,216,116,— ,— 
French Polynesia ,High-income countries ,195,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,237,59.8,36.6,88,81,295,230,— ,— 
Gabon ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,953,58.0,64.1,103,89,313,196,"1,283",57.2,61.3,101,80,342,281,-0.2,-1.0
"Gambia, The ",Sub-Saharan Africa ,936,52.0,58.1,165,143,362,235,"1,351",55.3,58.8,134,119,330,264,-1.9,-1.6
Georgia ,Europe and Central Asia ,"5,460",67.9,74.9,28,20,210,109,"5,224",68.3,74.3,26,20,216,89,-0.7,-0.1
Germany ,High-income countries ,"79,433",72.0,78.5,10,8,157,77,"82,349",75.4,81.6,6,4,121,62,-5.3,-4.9
Ghana ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"15,277",54.9,61.0,134,115,340,217,"20,028",56.3,58.8,107,100,355,303,-2.1,-1.3
Gibraltar ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,27,75.5,81.6,6,5,120,60,— ,— 
Greece ,High-income countries ,"10,161",74.7,79.5,11,10,117,56,"10,947",75.5,80.9,7,6,118,49,-3.8,-5.7
Greenland ,High-income countries ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,56,75.5,81.6,6,5,120,60,— ,— 
Grenada ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,81,65.8,68.7,25,21,263,224,— ,— 
Guadeloupe ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,432,68.0,72.8,34,27,216,116,— ,— 
Guam ,High-income countries ,134,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,158,59.9,36.5,86,80,295,229,— ,— 
Guatemala ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"8,749",59.5,65.8,89,75,299,183,"11,728",62.9,68.7,58,51,285,167,-3.8,-3.5
Guinea ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"6,122",45.2,49.7,248,232,411,285,"8,242",50.5,53.5,166,155,408,333,-3.7,-3.6
Guinea-Bissau ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"1,016",43.3,49.6,273,232,424,285,"1,407",45.4,48.4,219,201,464,384,-2.0,-1.3
Guyana ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,731,57.9,65.7,104,76,314,184,762,61.3,66.7,62,51,302,206,-4.6,-3.5
Haiti ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"6,914",52.7,58.2,157,142,357,235,"8,111",48.8,50.8,140,130,497,444,-1.0,-0.8
Holy See (Vatican City),Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,1,75.5,81.6,6,5,120,60,— ,— 
Honduras ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"4,868",61.9,68.7,68,54,276,160,"6,619",64.4,70.4,45,42,263,148,-3.8,-2.1
Hungary ,Europe and Central Asia ,"10,365",65.1,73.8,19,15,305,133,"9,968",68.0,76.7,11,9,264,113,-5.0,-4.6
Iceland ,High-income countries ,255,75.5,80.7,9,5,116,77,285,78.1,81.7,4,3,88,56,-8.0,-5.5
India ,South Asia ,"846,418",57.3,58.0,113,126,301,246,"1,033,395",60.0,61.8,89,98,291,222,-2.2,-2.3
Indonesia ,East Asia and Pacific ,"182,117",58.3,64.9,100,82,310,189,"214,356",64.4,67.4,50,40,246,213,-6.2,-6.4
"Iran, Islamic Republic of ",Middle East and North Africa ,"56,703",62.5,66.5,73,71,253,173,"67,245",65.8,71.1,45,38,225,140,-4.4,-5.8
Iraq ,Middle East and North Africa ,"17,341",63.5,68.3,79,71,215,138,"23,860",58.7,62.8,122,112,258,180,3.9,4.2
Ireland ,High-income countries ,"3,515",71.9,77.6,11,9,133,81,"3,865",74.1,79.5,8,6,117,68,-3.0,-3.6
Isle of Man ,Europe and Central Asia ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,74,75.5,81.6,6,5,120,60,— ,— 
Israel ,High-income countries ,"4,514",75.0,78.4,13,11,107,71,"6,174",77.1,81.2,7,6,100,54,-5.0,-5.7
Italy ,High-income countries ,"56,719",73.7,80.4,10,8,129,60,"57,521",76.6,82.6,6,5,99,50,-5.5,-4.6
Jamaica ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"2,369",69.0,75.5,22,17,195,103,"2,603",71.0,74.4,16,14,164,123,-3.0,-1.7
Japan ,High-income countries ,"123,537",76.1,82.4,7,6,109,53,"127,271",78.2,85.8,5,4,97,47,-3.9,-3.3
Jordan ,Middle East and North Africa ,"3,254",66.5,71.0,44,42,209,137,"5,183",68.5,73.1,29,27,193,122,-3.9,-4.0
Kazakhstan ,Europe and Central Asia ,"16,809",63.2,69.9,58,46,262,151,"15,533",58.4,68.9,40,30,420,192,-3.4,-3.9
Kenya ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"23,585",57.6,64.2,106,87,316,194,"31,065",50.4,52.6,117,112,496,434,0.9,2.3
Kiribati ,East Asia and Pacific ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,85,61.8,66.5,82,69,288,194,— ,— 
"Korea, Democratic People's Republic of ",East Asia and Pacific ,"19,956",63.6,68.5,55,55,259,162,"22,409",64.4,67.1,56,54,236,191,0.1,-0.2
"Korea, Republic of ",High-income countries ,"42,869",69.5,78.2,20,9,189,81,"47,142",71.5,79.1,8,7,173,65,-8.5,-2.8
Kuwait ,High-income countries ,"2,143",72.7,75.6,20,16,118,81,"2,353",75.6,76.5,14,10,84,62,-3.5,-3.8
Kyrgyz Republic ,Europe and Central Asia ,"4,395",59.0,66.1,93,73,304,181,"4,995",60.1,68.4,65,57,346,165,-3.2,-2.3
Lao People's Democratic Republic ,East Asia and Pacific ,"4,132",51.4,57.1,173,153,368,242,"5,403",53.8,55.9,149,133,340,308,-1.4,-1.3
Latvia ,Europe and Central Asia ,"2,713",64.2,74.5,20,15,311,118,"2,351",64.8,75.8,15,12,323,117,-2.7,-2.0
Lebanon ,Middle East and North Africa ,"2,712",66.7,71.6,42,32,210,143,"3,537",67.4,71.9,36,29,205,140,-1.3,-0.9
Lesotho ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"1,570",52.6,59.1,159,134,358,229,"1,794",34.6,40.1,159,153,871,705,0.0,1.2
Liberia ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"2,135",45.0,50.8,251,219,412,278,"3,099",40.5,43.9,244,223,569,463,-0.3,0.2
Libya ,Middle East and North Africa ,"4,306",67.0,72.1,44,40,199,121,"5,340",70.2,75.4,20,19,174,100,-7.4,-6.9
Liechtenstein ,High-income countries ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,33,75.5,81.6,6,5,120,60,— ,— 
Lithuania ,Europe and Central Asia ,"3,739",66.5,76.3,15,12,286,107,"3,484",66.5,77.7,11,10,297,102,-2.5,-1.9
Luxembourg ,High-income countries ,378,72.1,78.5,10,8,151,86,441,75.6,81.8,5,5,120,66,-5.9,-4.6
"Macedonia, FYR ",Europe and Central Asia ,"1,909",69.1,73.9,37,32,167,94,"2,035",69.0,75.0,19,16,195,90,-6.3,-6.4
Madagascar ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"11,956",50.9,56.6,178,158,371,245,"16,439",54.2,58.2,147,127,335,264,-1.7,-2.0
Malawi ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"9,456",45.1,49.7,250,232,412,285,"11,627",40.0,40.9,199,192,648,601,-2.1,-1.7
Malaysia ,East Asia and Pacific ,"17,845",68.7,75.3,24,18,199,105,"23,492",69.6,74.8,10,9,193,107,-7.5,-6.7
Maldives ,South Asia ,216,58.0,59.7,103,127,314,225,300,66.3,65.4,42,49,211,207,-8.1,-8.7
Mali ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"9,046",44.1,49.1,262,238,418,288,"12,256",43.7,45.5,235,226,489,418,-1.0,-0.5
Malta ,Middle East and North Africa ,360,73.8,78.4,13,9,101,62,391,75.9,79.8,8,6,89,54,-4.5,-2.7
Marshall Islands ,East Asia and Pacific ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,52,60.7,64.3,47,37,347,292,— ,— 
Martinique ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,388,68.0,72.8,34,27,215,116,— ,— 
Mauritania ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"2,030",49.3,55.5,197,169,383,251,"2,724",49.7,54.4,187,156,394,305,-0.5,-0.7
Mauritius ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"1,057",65.5,73.3,27,20,263,121,"1,198",68.1,75.4,21,14,222,119,-2.4,-3.5
Mexico ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"83,225",64.4,70.5,50,42,250,146,"100,456",71.8,77.1,31,25,175,99,-4.3,-4.9
"Micronesia, Federated States of ",East Asia and Pacific ,96,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,107,64.6,67.8,65,53,214,179,— ,— 
Moldova ,Europe and Central Asia ,"4,364",66.9,73.3,33,27,221,123,"4,276",63.8,71.4,32,24,301,149,-0.4,-1.1
Monaco ,High-income countries ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,34,77.3,84.3,5,4,113,49,— ,— 
Mongolia ,East Asia and Pacific ,"2,216",57.0,62.6,112,101,322,206,"2,528",59.8,66.0,80,70,320,209,-3.1,-3.3
Montserrat ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,4,68.9,73.6,32,26,205,110,— ,— 
Morocco ,Middle East and North Africa ,"24,564",63.1,67.4,90,80,206,141,"29,585",68.6,72.6,45,43,161,104,-6.3,-5.6
Mozambique ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"13,465",44.7,50.3,255,225,415,281,"18,204",41.7,44.4,211,201,596,503,-1.7,-1.0
Myanmar ,East Asia and Pacific ,"40,506",53.8,61.2,146,114,349,215,"48,205",56.2,61.8,118,95,332,236,-1.9,-1.7
Namibia ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"1,409",59.0,65.3,93,78,304,186,"1,930",49.7,52.2,92,88,572,496,-0.2,1.1
Nauru ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,12,59.3,66.2,19,14,456,308,— ,— 
Nepal ,South Asia ,"18,625",54.4,57.7,139,147,344,238,"24,060",59.6,59.6,87,93,300,292,-4.3,-4.2
Netherlands ,High-income countries ,"14,952",73.8,80.2,10,8,116,67,"15,982",75.8,80.9,7,6,97,66,-3.7,-3.1
Netherlands Antilles ,High-income countries ,188,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,217,68.1,72.8,33,27,216,116,— ,— 
New Caledonia ,High-income countries ,171,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,220,59.8,36.5,87,80,295,230,— ,— 
New Zealand ,High-income countries ,"3,360",72.5,78.5,13,9,143,93,"3,815",76.5,81.6,8,6,101,65,-4.8,-3.1
Nicaragua ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"3,824",61.3,68.0,73,58,282,166,"5,204",67.7,72.3,39,34,213,146,-5.7,-5.0
Niger ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"7,650",39.2,42.9,329,311,449,320,"11,134",42.6,42.6,251,257,496,442,-2.5,1.7
Nigeria ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"86,018",49.8,54.7,191,177,379,256,"117,823",48.1,49.8,184,181,448,387,-0.3,0.2
Niue ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,2,67.9,73.1,34,26,193,132,— ,— 
Northern Mariana Islands ,High-income countries ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,73,65.3,36.4,86,80,295,229,— ,— 
Norway ,High-income countries ,"4,241",73.4,79.9,10,7,128,65,"4,494",76.1,81.7,5,4,103,61,-6.1,-5.3
West Bank and Gaza ,Middle East and North Africa ,"2,154",— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,"3,310",68.4,72.0,27,29,200,140,— ,— 
Oman ,Middle East and North Africa ,"1,845",68.6,74.3,33,27,184,106,"2,688",70.8,76.1,17,16,168,95,-6.1,-4.8
Pakistan ,South Asia ,"110,901",54.6,58.4,137,140,342,233,"146,277",61.1,61.5,105,115,228,203,-2.4,-1.7
Palau ,East Asia and Pacific ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,20,66.3,71.4,24,22,241,194,— ,— 
Panama ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"2,411",66.0,72.9,39,29,232,126,"3,007",73.1,78.4,26,22,143,85,-3.6,-2.4
Papua New Guinea ,East Asia and Pacific ,"4,114",58.1,62.8,102,100,312,205,"5,460",58.3,61.4,99,92,310,250,-0.2,-0.7
Paraguay ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"4,219",65.6,72.2,42,32,237,131,"5,604",68.7,74.2,37,27,170,123,-1.0,-1.6
Peru ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"21,753",59.5,66.3,88,71,299,179,"26,362",67.1,71.6,41,37,206,145,-6.9,-6.0
Philippines ,East Asia and Pacific ,"61,104",62.2,69.3,65,50,272,156,"77,151",64.9,71.4,41,35,260,136,-4.2,-3.3
Pitcairn ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,0,59.9,36.4,86,80,295,230,— ,— 
Poland ,Europe and Central Asia ,"38,111",66.5,75.6,20,16,263,102,"38,651",70.2,78.5,9,8,209,84,-6.9,-6.2
Portugal ,High-income countries ,"9,899",70.4,77.3,16,12,178,80,"10,033",73.2,80.5,7,6,155,66,-7.2,-6.7
Puerto Rico ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"3,528",68.7,77.6,17,13,237,90,"3,838",70.5,78.4,13,11,217,93,-2.1,-1.2
Qatar ,High-income countries ,467,67.7,74.6,29,21,211,111,591,75.2,74.3,15,13,93,82,-5.7,-4.3
Romania ,Europe and Central Asia ,"23,207",66.8,73.2,34,27,239,114,"22,437",67.9,74.9,24,20,235,107,-3.1,-3.0
Russian Federation ,Europe and Central Asia ,"148,292",63.8,74.4,24,18,318,117,"144,877",58.6,72.1,22,17,453,163,-0.8,-0.6
Rwanda ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"6,775",50.6,55.9,181,165,373,249,"8,066",41.6,46.3,189,173,608,483,0.4,0.5
Rιunion ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,734,49.4,52.0,176,168,422,352,— ,— 
Samoa ,East Asia and Pacific ,160,65.0,71.1,45,39,243,141,175,66.7,69.6,28,22,235,203,-4.4,-5.1
San Marino ,High-income countries ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,27,77.2,84.0,6,3,85,32,— ,— 
Sγo Tomι and Principe,Sub-Saharan Africa ,116,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,153,61.1,63.1,85,86,262,220,— ,— 
Saudi Arabia ,Middle East and North Africa ,"16,554",66.3,71.6,47,41,208,128,"22,829",68.4,73.8,31,26,192,113,-3.9,-4.2
Senegal ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"7,345",52.6,58.7,158,138,358,232,"9,621",54.2,57.1,140,131,350,285,-1.1,-0.5
Serbia and Montenegro,Europe and Central Asia ,"10,156",66.8,74.0,34,24,223,116,"10,545",69.7,74.8,17,13,187,98,-6.2,-5.1
Seychelles ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,80,66.7,77.7,15,10,248,113,— ,— 
Sierra Leone ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"4,054",39.5,45.6,324,279,447,306,"4,573",31.2,35.8,330,301,718,567,0.2,0.7
Singapore ,High-income countries ,"3,016",72.8,77.8,10,8,152,93,"4,105",76.8,81.7,4,3,93,54,-8.3,-7.4
Slovak Republic ,Europe and Central Asia ,"5,256",70.3,76.9,17,13,179,92,"5,394",69.5,78.0,10,8,210,79,-4.4,-4.8
Slovenia ,High-income countries ,"1,918",69.9,77.9,12,8,207,81,"1,988",72.5,80.2,6,4,165,72,-6.6,-5.2
Solomon Islands ,East Asia and Pacific ,319,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,450,63.5,67.3,86,75,202,149,— ,— 
Somalia ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"7,163",45.8,51.6,240,210,407,274,"9,088",43.7,46.1,217,223,516,407,-0.9,0.6
South Africa ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"36,848",61.9,69.0,68,52,275,158,"44,416",50.4,54.5,80,75,566,448,1.5,3.4
Spain ,High-income countries ,"39,303",73.3,80.4,10,8,146,60,"40,875",76.1,83.2,6,5,121,48,-5.3,-5.1
Sri Lanka ,South Asia ,"16,830",67.2,74.9,32,20,218,109,"18,752",66.1,74.2,21,17,260,125,-3.8,-1.6
St. Helena ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,5,49.5,52.0,176,168,422,352,— ,— 
St. Kitts and Nevis ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,42,68.4,72.1,21,24,210,150,— ,— 
St. Lucia ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,131,66.9,72.3,22,17,246,158,147,69.5,74.9,14,14,217,138,-4.2,-1.7
St. Pierre et Miquelon ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,6,74.7,80.0,9,7,139,81,— ,— 
St. Vincent and the Grenadines ,High-income countries ,110,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,118,68.0,72.2,24,20,235,180,— ,— 
Sudan ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"24,927",55.5,61.4,128,112,335,214,"32,151",55.4,59.6,112,106,364,269,-1.2,-0.4
Suriname ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,402,65.8,72.9,40,29,233,126,429,64.2,70.6,34,28,282,166,-1.4,-0.3
Swaziland ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,847,56.1,63.0,122,98,330,203,"1,058",38.5,42.1,145,137,784,673,1.6,3.0
Sweden ,High-income countries ,"8,559",74.8,80.5,8,6,114,66,"8,860",77.8,82.5,4,3,85,54,-5.9,-6.3
Switzerland ,High-income countries ,"6,834",73.9,80.9,9,8,126,62,"7,173",77.4,83.2,6,5,95,53,-3.7,-4.0
Syrian Arab Republic ,Middle East and North Africa ,"12,717",66.1,70.7,48,40,211,147,"16,968",68.6,73.4,28,21,192,128,-4.8,-5.6
Tajikistan ,Europe and Central Asia ,"5,303",60.1,66.8,83,67,293,175,"6,144",60.7,66.0,69,58,290,182,-1.7,-1.4
Tanzania ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"26,068",51.6,56.8,170,156,366,244,"35,565",45.4,47.5,164,145,559,510,-0.3,-0.7
Thailand ,East Asia and Pacific ,"54,389",64.6,72.4,48,31,248,130,"61,555",66.1,72.6,33,27,276,156,-3.4,-1.5
Timor-Leste ,East Asia and Pacific ,740,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,711,55.2,60.9,139,106,323,237,— ,— 
Togo ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"3,455",52.1,58.5,165,139,362,233,"4,686",50.1,53.5,150,128,454,388,-0.8,-0.7
Tokelau ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,2,59.9,36.4,86,80,295,230,— ,— 
Tonga ,East Asia and Pacific ,99,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,102,69.2,71.7,23,15,190,175,— ,— 
Trinidad and Tobago ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"1,215",67.5,75.4,30,18,214,105,"1,294",67.3,72.8,24,18,243,153,-2.0,-0.1
Tunisia ,Middle East and North Africa ,"8,207",66.4,70.1,55,49,194,141,"9,624",69.3,73.8,32,25,171,116,-5.0,-6.3
Turkey ,Europe and Central Asia ,"57,593",60.3,65.9,82,74,292,182,"69,303",67.8,72.1,44,42,180,113,-5.7,-5.2
Turkmenistan ,Europe and Central Asia ,"3,668",57.4,64.3,108,87,318,194,"4,720",58.7,66.8,65,49,365,192,-4.7,-5.3
Turks and Caicos Islands ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,19,68.0,72.8,34,27,216,116,— ,— 
Tuvalu ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,10,60.3,61.4,73,57,293,279,— ,— 
Uganda ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"17,359",51.4,57.6,172,148,367,239,"24,225",47.2,50.0,150,138,518,449,-1.2,-0.6
Ukraine ,Europe and Central Asia ,"51,891",65.6,74.9,19,14,287,112,"49,290",61.8,73.1,23,17,376,137,1.8,1.9
United Arab Emirates ,High-income countries ,"2,035",68.5,75.7,25,17,201,102,"2,879",71.3,75.1,10,10,170,123,-7.9,-5.0
United Kingdom ,High-income countries ,"56,761",72.9,78.6,11,8,129,78,"58,881",75.2,80.0,7,6,111,70,-3.6,-3.0
United States ,High-income countries ,"255,712",71.9,79.0,13,10,172,91,"288,025",74.5,79.7,9,7,144,83,-3.2,-2.9
U.S. Virgin Islands ,High-income countries ,101,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,110,68.0,72.8,34,27,216,116,— ,— 
Uruguay ,Latin America and the Caribbean ,"3,106",69.0,76.5,27,23,196,98,"3,366",71.1,79.5,18,13,181,89,-3.6,-5.2
Uzbekistan ,Europe and Central Asia ,"20,515",62.3,69.0,65,52,272,158,"25,313",65.2,70.7,39,28,246,150,-4.5,-5.7
Vanuatu ,East Asia and Pacific ,149,61.9,66.1,68,72,276,180,202,66.2,68.9,43,42,219,177,-4.3,-5.0
"Venezuela, Rιpublica Bolivariana de",Latin America and the Caribbean ,"19,502",69.1,74.4,35,29,181,107,"24,752",70.9,77.0,24,20,185,98,-3.4,-3.5
Vietnam ,East Asia and Pacific ,"66,074",63.1,69.8,59,47,264,152,"79,197",67.1,72.0,42,33,200,132,-3.2,-3.1
Wallis and Futuna Islands ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,15,59.9,36.4,86,80,295,230,— ,— 
Western Sahara ,Not included ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,— ,293,63.2,49.7,72,67,233,159,— ,— 
"Yemen, Republic of ",Middle East and North Africa ,"11,944",54.5,57.1,147,137,327,271,"18,651",58.2,61.7,111,98,292,232,-2.5,-3.0
Zambia ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"8,200",48.7,54.9,204,175,387,255,"10,570",39.3,40.5,192,177,692,646,-0.5,0.1
Zimbabwe ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,"10,467",59.7,66.0,87,73,297,181,"12,756",38.5,38.8,114,105,805,775,2.5,3.3
Sources: Population data are from United Nations 2003. Mortality estimates for 1990 are authors’ calculations; estimates for 2001 are from chapter 3 in this volume. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Note: — = not available or not applicable. Estimates of child mortality are rounded to the nearest whole number. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,